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This article is perfect for anyone looking to swap out the toxic cleaning chemicals in their home for the best non-toxic cleaning products, room by room. Create a healthier home with natural alternatives that really work.

Text reading "swap this for this", with arrows pointing to toxic cleaning products, and non-toxic cleaning products.

I’m one of those crazy people who loves to clean. I find it meditative and rewarding, and there’s something so peaceful about unwinding in the evening in a perfectly clean home, with a candle (a non-toxic candle, of course) flickering nearby.

But my peace was shattered the instant I learned about the highly toxic chemicals that make up most household cleaning products. Many common cleaning staples contain harmful substances that linger long after we spray, wipe, and scrub. 

Dishwashing liquid residue sticks to plates and ends up in our food. Chemical residues on counters can transfer to our hands and then our mouths. Fumes from window cleaners, tile scrubs, and disinfectants silently pollute the air we breathe. Especially if we clean without proper ventilation or protective gear- which I certainly have been guilty of.

For years, I thought I was protecting my family by dousing our home in these products, zapping every last germ. Little did I know, I was actually exposing us to caustic chemicals linked to hormone disruption, organ damage, and even cancer, all while wiping out the beneficial bacteria that help keep us healthy.

Even more shocking? Manufacturers aren’t required to disclose these toxic ingredients on labels. If you check the products under your sink right now – they most probably lack a full ingredient list.

I know this is unsettling, but there is a silver lining– for every toxic product, there’s an equally effective non-toxic alternative that cleans even better, without harmful chemical residues.

I’ve scoured my cleaning supplies thinking about everything you might need to clean the average home and hunted down the best non-toxic swaps for every room.

These products harness the power of natural ingredients, many found in your own kitchen, to leave surfaces sparkling – without noxious fumes or irritating chemicals.

If you wouldn’t put it in your body, it shouldn’t go on or around your body either, right?! Get ready to revolutionize your cleaning routine. Once you experience the power of non-toxic cleaning, you’ll never look back.

Why should you consider natural cleaning products?

It’s easy to assume the cleaning products in our homes are there to make our homes cleaner and ultimately safer. But the reality is that the cleaning products under your sink could be some of the most toxic chemicals in your home.

Here are some of the most toxic chemicals commonly found in most household cleaning products: 

  • Formaldehyde: A known carcinogen found in air fresheners, fabric softeners, and some cleaning sprays. It can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat and may increase the risk of cancer.
  • 1,4-Dioxane: A potential carcinogen often found as a byproduct in laundry detergents, hand soaps, and bathroom cleaners. Long-term exposure may have serious health consequences.
  • Hydrochloric Acid: A corrosive chemical that can cause severe burns and respiratory issues.
  • Quaternary Ammonium Compounds (Quats): Found in disinfectants, these chemicals can irritate the skin and respiratory system, contribute to antibiotic resistance, and may even impact fertility.
  • Phthalates: Often hidden under the term “fragrance,” these endocrine disruptors are linked to reproductive issues and birth defects, especially harmful to children.

This is just to name the most toxic chemicals in household cleaning products, the list goes on, so it’s important to be diligent about knowing exactly what’s in your cleaning products. 

The Cumulative Effect of Toxic Exposures

The cumulative effect of these toxic chemicals is particularly concerning since cleaning products are a constant presence in our daily lives. 

From bathroom cleaners to laundry detergents, we are surrounded by these toxins, which can build up in our bodies over time and contribute to long-term health issues we might not immediately associate with our cleaning routines. 

The situation becomes even more alarming when considering that we mostly use these toxic cleaning chemicals in enclosed spaces with minimal ventilation, increasing your exposure through inhalation and skin contact.

Do non-toxic cleaning products really work?

The quick answer is- yes! To get really basic, cleaning involves breaking bonds between dirt and surfaces and then carrying that dirt away.

Here’s how cleaning products that use only natural ingredients get the job done just as well as cleaning products full of unnecessarily harsh chemicals.  

Plant-Based Surfactants

Plant-based surfactants, like saponins and glucosides, are the key to most natural cleaning products.

Surfactants are unique because they have a dual molecular makeup – one end loves water (hydrophilic) while the other end loves oil and grease (hydrophobic). This handy structure allows them to lift dirt away from surfaces and suspend it in water, making it easy to wipe away. 

Natural Acids

Naturally occurring acids, like vinegar (acetic acid) and citrus fruits (citric acid), are another ingredient in non-toxic cleaning products that you’ll come across.

Natural acids are particularly effective at breaking down mineral deposits and soap scum through ion exchange reactions. They also create an inhospitable environment for many microorganisms by lowering the pH level of surfaces.

Natural Antimicrobials 

Essential oils offer more than just pleasant aromas – they also have potent antimicrobial properties.

Compounds found in these oils, like terpenes and phenols, can disrupt bacterial cell membranes and interfere with their ability to reproduce. Some essential oils, like tea tree, lemon, and eucalyptus, are especially effective at combating harmful microbes.

Enzymes

Enzyme cleaners work a bit differently than other natural cleaning ingredients. These biological catalysts are designed to break down specific types of stains and soils, like proteins, starches, and fats.

They work by “unlocking” the chemical bonds that hold these substances together, allowing them to be easily rinsed away. Enzyme cleaners are particularly useful for tackling tough, messes like food stains and pet odors.

How can you make sure you are buying truly non-toxic products?

Read Labels Carefully 

When shopping for non-toxic cleaning products, your first step should always be to carefully examine the label. Look for products that disclose all of their ingredients, using clear, straightforward language. 

Avoid items that hide behind vague terms like “fragrance” or “preservative,” as these can be red flags for undisclosed toxins. Instead, opt for products that proudly showcase their natural, plant-based ingredients.

Learn To Recognize Misleading Marketing

As consumers become more interested in eco-friendly and non-toxic cleaning products, many manufacturers have resorted to “greenwashing” – making their products appear safer and more natural than they actually are.

Watch out for buzzwords like “natural,” “eco-friendly,” or “green” that aren’t backed up by specific ingredient information. Remember, just because a product claims to be natural doesn’t mean it’s free from harmful chemicals.

Certifications

Third-party certifications, such as EWG Verified, MADE SAFE, or USDA Organic, can be useful tools in identifying non-toxic products. These certifications typically have rigorous standards that products must meet to earn their seal of approval. 

However, keep in mind that not all genuinely non-toxic products will have these certifications, as the application process can be costly and time-consuming for smaller manufacturers.

Ultimately, the best way to ensure you’re using truly non-toxic cleaning products is to do your own research and trust your instincts.

If a product’s ingredient list is difficult to decipher or contains a lot of unfamiliar, chemical-sounding names, it’s best to steer clear. When in doubt, opt for products with short, simple ingredient lists that feature plant-based, natural components you recognize. 

Text reading "best non-toxic kitchen cleaning products", featuring toxic cleaning products, with arrows pointing to safer non-toxic alternatives.

Non-Toxic Kitchen Cleaning Swaps

Many conventional kitchen cleaners contain harsh chemicals like ammonia, chlorine bleach, and phthalates. These can irritate the eyes and lungs, trigger asthma, and even disrupt hormones. Long-term exposure may increase cancer risks. 

Instead, look for natural ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and plant-based surfactants in your kitchen cleaners. These non-toxic alternatives effectively cut through grease and grime without compromising your family’s health or food safety.

Get ready to be impressed with the all-natural cleaning power of Humble Sud’s Natural All-Purpose Cleaner.

EWG-verified, this multi-surface spray is safe for your whole family and great for disinfecting food-prep areas.

From Kitchen to bath and everywhere in between, this All Purpose Cleaner safely and effectively cleans your home using five proven, powerful plant and mineral-based ingredients

price

$14.95 for 16oz

ingredients

Distilled water, Natural grain alcohol, Castile soap [organic saponified oils (coconut, olive, jojoba), rosemary extract, organic aloe vera], lavender essential oil, tea tree essential oil.

location/shipping

United States

Say goodbye to greasy fingerprints all over your stainless steel appliances with Koala Eco’s Peppermint Stainless Steel Cleaner.

MADE SAFE certified, this 100% plant-based formula polishes and protects your stainless steel surfaces, leaving them looking like new.

This biodegradable, eco-friendly spray effortlessly cleans, removes marks, and deodorizes without any toxic chemicals.

price

$11.90

main ingredients

Purified water, sugar-based biodegradable alcohol, natural solubilizer, natural surfactant & peppermint essential oil

location/shipping

United States 

Cleaning the kitchen sink shouldn’t feel like a chore.

Humble Suds Scour Cleaning Paste is a non-abrasive, all-surface cleaning paste that’s tough on scum, stains, and build-up while gentle on your skin.

This multi-purpose paste features five proven safe and powerful ingredients that you can easily pronounce, making it perfect for cleaning the kitchen sink, stovetop, oven, and even produce—yes, it’s food-safe!

price

$14.95

main ingredients

Sodium bicarbonate, castile soap (organic saponified oils (coconut, olive, jojoba), vegetable glycerin, sweet orange essential oil & lemongrass essential oil

location/shipping

United States 

Most oven cleaners contain harsh chemicals like sodium hydroxide and ammonia, which can release toxic fumes that pose serious health risks when inhaled or come into contact with your skin. But not the Oven Scrub from Everneat!

This all-natural oven cleaner is powered by plant-based ingredients, pumice powder, and essential oils to deep clean your oven without toxic fumes.

Professional cleaners approve this vegan, cruelty-free formula, and it comes in a refillable, reusable container.

price

$20

main ingredients

Baking soda, pumice stone, washing soda, calcium carbonate, water, glycerin, alkyl polyglucoside, citrate, citric acid, glycerin, xanthan gum & essential oils

location/shipping

United States, ships to Canada

Yaya Maria’s Natural Liquid Dish Soap is 100% natural, EWG top-rated, and USDA 100% Biobased certified product.

Made with only 5 ingredients, this cruelty-free, vegan soap is made in the USA using wind energy and comes in a BPA-free, plastic-free, and carbon-neutral package, supporting kids in need with every purchase.

price

$29.50 for a pack of 3 

main ingredients

Distilled water, vegetable glycerin from soybeans, coconut oil, potash, castor oil, & one essential oil

location/shipping

United States

Dirty Labs Bio Enzyme Dishwasher Detergent is an ultra-concentrated, 2-in-1 powder formula designed with advanced bioenzymes and natural, non-toxic ingredients to break down tough messes and stubborn stuck-on food without toxic chemicals.

This biobased, biodegradable, and plastic-free formula is septic-safe, cruelty-free, and free from synthetic ingredients, so it’s 100% safe to use on your dishes.

price

$18

main ingredients

Sodium citrate, sodium carbonate, sodium carbonate peroxide, sodium gluconate, protease (subtilisin) (aep), sorbitan caprylate, hydrous sodium silicate powder, sodium carboxymethyl inulin, alpha-amylase (aep), calcium silicate & silicon dioxide

location/shipping

United States

Text reading "best non-toxic bathroom cleaning", featuring toxic cleaning products, with arrows pointing to safer non-toxic alternatives.

Non-Toxic Bathroom Cleaning Swaps

Traditional bathroom cleaners are commonly made with toxic ingredients like triclosan, quaternary ammonium compounds, and hydrochloric acid. 

These can cause skin irritation, and respiratory issues, and may contribute to antibiotic resistance. Prolonged exposure could lead to more serious health problems like chronic asthma, hormone disruptions, and increased cancer risk.

Opt for bathroom cleaners with natural disinfectants like tea tree oil, citric acid, and hydrogen peroxide. These ingredients tackle soap scum, mold, and bacteria without introducing health-harming chemicals.

non toxic cleaning products

Use discount code TFC10 to save 10%!

Manage the dirtiest job in the house in minutes with Butter Me Up Organics Toilet Tabs. They’re like an organic “bath bomb” for your loo.

Formulated with organic tea tree and rosemary essential oils, these tabs keep your toilet clean and fresh with a simple plop-and-sit method.

Made with non-toxic, premium ingredients, these tabs are safe enough to eat (though we don’t recommend it)!

price

$14.95

main ingredients

Non-GMO citric acid*, aluminum-free sodium bicarbonate, tea tree oil*, witch hazel* & rosemary oil*

*certified organic

location/shipping

United States, ships to Canada, the United Kingdom, Australia & New Zealand

Soap scum, the longer you ignore it the worse it gets. Attack the problem head-on with Roses Natural’s Tub Scrub Powder.

This handcrafted blend of natural ingredients that effortlessly eliminates dirt, soap scum, and grime from any surface in your bathroom.

No elbow grease is required. It smells lovely, it’s tough on stains and leaves surfaces spotless and refreshed. What’s not to love?!

price

$10

main ingredients

Sodium bicarbonate, citric acid, sodium chloride, sodium lauroyl sarcosinate & lemon essential oil

location/shipping

United States, ships to select international countries

Aunt Fannie’s Glass & Window Cleaner makes quick work of oily smudges, sticky fingerprints, and even pet nose prints.

Powered by vinegar and a hint of lavender, this dermatologist-tested, hypoallergenic formula is perfect for windows, mirrors, light fixtures, chrome, stainless steel, and more, leaving a sparkling, streak-free finish throughout your bathroom without the dreaded chemical smells.

price

$10

main ingredients

Distilled white vinegar, sugar surfactant (caprylyl/myristyl glucoside), rosemary oil, eucalyptus oil, peppermint oil, orange peel oil, lavender oil, triethyl citrate

location/shipping

Available on Amazon USA

Koala Eco’s Floor Cleaner smells so good you’ll forget it’s for cleaning your floors.

Energizing mandarin and peppermint oils are the base of this powerful, non-toxic formula that cuts through grime without harsh chemicals.

While it’s great on floor tile, this biodegradable, eco-friendly, plant-based floor cleaner is safe for use on any surface, including wood, filling your home with the fresh scents of Australia while keeping your conscience clean.

price

$19.90

main ingredients

Purified water, alkylpolyglucosides (biodegradable natural surfactant blend), peppermint essential oil, citrus reticulata mandarin essential oil & ethylhexylglycerin (from coconut)

location/shipping

United States

Prevent bathroom odors before they even begin with Rowe Casa Organics Toilet Spray.

This all-natural, essential oil-based spray creates a barrier to lock odors under the surface.

Free from toxic VOCs, phthalates, and formaldehyde, it’s completely safe for your family.

Choose from three delightful scents: eucalyptus + lavender, lemongrass + pine, and spearmint + tangerine.

price

$7

main ingredients

Distilled water, organic vegetable glycerin, isopropyl alcohol, organic unrefined cold-pressed high oleic sunflower oil, plant sugars (derived from coconuts) & 100% pure therapeutic grade essential oils

location/shipping

United States, ships to Canada, the United Kingdom, UAE & Australia

Text reading "best non-toxic household cleaners", featuring toxic cleaning products, with arrows pointing to safer non-toxic alternatives.

Non-Toxic Household Cleaning Swaps

Many cleaning products for living areas contain harmful chemicals that pose particular risks to young children and pets. 

Furniture polishes often include petroleum distillates and formaldehyde, while floor cleaners may contain 2-butoxyethanol and ammonia. Carpet cleaners frequently contain perchloroethylene and naphthalene.

These chemicals can off-gas toxic fumes, leading to respiratory issues, skin irritation, and even neurological problems in children, whose developing bodies are more vulnerable. Long-term exposure may contribute to asthma, allergies, and hormone disruption. 

Opt for cleaners with natural ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and plant-based enzymes to effectively clean surfaces while safeguarding your children’s health and maintaining good indoor air quality.

Renew, nourish, and bring out the beauty in the wood all over your home with Daddy Van’s Natural Beeswax Wood Conditioning Furniture Polish.

This USDA-certified 100% biobased furniture polish is food-safe, baby-safe, and non-toxic.

This emollient salve leaves a rich, deep glow to finished and unfinished wood, creating a durable matte finish for your wood furniture, paneling, and flooring. 

price

$17.95

main ingredients

Beeswax, carnauba wax & olive oil

location/shipping

Available on Amazon USA

High-traffic wood flooring requires gentle care that can still tackle tracked dirt and grime.

The Wholesome Home Floor Cleaner is safe to use on all hard surface floors, but it’s especially great for cleaning and nourishing hardwood floors.

This plant-based, eco-friendly formula is hypoallergenic, child-safe, pet-safe, and scented using only organic essential oils, leaving behind no residue.

price

$12.99

main ingredients

Potassium oleate, potassium cocoate, glycerin, potassium citrate, citric acid, organic orange essential oil, purified hydrogen oxide

location/shipping

United States, ships to Canada 

Make your floors clean enough to eat off (well almost) with Aunt Fannie’s Vinegar Wash Floor Cleaner.

This ultra-concentrated formula combines the power of vinegar with fresh essential oils and plant-based surfactants.

This EWG A-rated, dermatologist-tested, and hypoallergenic cleaner grabs even though stuck on dirt, giving new life to vinyl, linoleum, sealed hardwood, sealed stone, concrete, and more.

price

$12.99

main ingredients

Distilled white vinegar, sugar surfactant (caprylyl/myristyl glucoside), litsea cubeba fruit oil, peppermint oil, lemon peel oil, orange peel oil, spearmint oil & triethyl citrate

location/shipping

Available on Amazon USA 

Trust Rosey by Thrive Market for mineral- and plant-powered cleaning that really works, banishing even the toughest spills, splatters, and smells from rugs and furniture.

Powered by plant-based enzymes that target dirt, grease, and grime, this chlorine-, cruelty-, and paraben-free formula breaks down stains (even pet accidents!) with just a spritz, leaving behind a woodsy, floral scent that’s safe for animals, including cats.

price

$6.99

main ingredients

Water, amylase, protease, lipase, decyl glucoside, phenoxyethanol (preservative) & naturally derived fragrance

location/shipping

Available on Amazon USA 

Text reading "best non-toxic laundry products", featuring toxic cleaning products, with arrows pointing to safer non-toxic alternatives.

Non-Toxic Laundry Cleaning Swaps

Conventional laundry products are some of the worst offenders for synthetic fragrances, optical brighteners, and phosphates. These can cause skin irritation, and allergic reactions, and contribute to water pollution. Some may even contain known carcinogens.

Look for laundry products with plant-based enzymes, soap nuts, or simple ingredients like vinegar. These natural alternatives clean and freshen clothes effectively without exposing your family to harmful chemicals through skin contact or inhalation.

Bring joy back to your laundry routine with Mama Sud’s powerfully effective, 100% plant-based Castile Laundry Soap! This is the exact same laundry detergent that I use in my own home – it’s even baby safe!

This toxin-free, hypoallergenic formula harnesses the deep-cleaning power of castile soap to eliminate even the toughest stains and odors. Options for unscented, or pure lavender or lemon essential oil.

Reduce your environmental impact with their concentrated formula, which contains 75% less water, cutting down on packaging and shipping emissions. It’s a small change with a big impact!

price

$22

ingredients

water, potassium olivate (saponified olive oil), sodium carbonate, and sodium borate

location/shipping

United States

Rustic Strength’s organic, non-GMO Fabric Softener, goes beyond just softening clothes.

This antibacterial deodorizer loosens soap buildup and dirt, reduces static, prevents lint and pet hair from clinging, and even removes tough minerals like aluminum chloride, zinc, and salt, all while being gentle on sensitive skin and safe for regular and high-efficiency washing machines.

price

$20

main ingredients

Acetic acid (vinegar, derived from sugar cane) & charcoal-filtered deionized water (water)

location/shipping

United States

Tackle stubborn stains head-on with MamaSuds Laundry Stain Stick.

This residue-free spot treatment keeps fabrics looking like new without harsh chemicals.

This compact stick packs major cleaning power into a simple, pure olive oil soap formula, lifting away grime and spills from clothing to upholstery with a gentle lather.

Free from synthetic fragrances, dyes, SLS, phthalates, and palm oil, this biodegradable stain stick is safe for sensitive skin and septic systems.

price

$7.50

main ingredients

Saponified olive oil (sodium olivate)

location/shipping

United States, ships to Canada

What are the benefits of using non-toxic cleaning products?

Health Advantages 

  • Reduces exposure to harmful chemicals linked to respiratory issues, skin irritation, and long-term health risks.
  • Safer for children and pets who are more vulnerable to toxic substances.
  • Decreases the risk of accidental poisoning from ingesting or inhaling dangerous products.

Positive Environmental Impact

  • Minimizes water pollution by using biodegradable ingredients that don’t contaminate waterways.
  • Improves indoor air quality by eliminating harsh fumes and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
  • Supports sustainable practices by reducing reliance on petroleum-based products.

Reducing Chemical Sensitivities 

  • Gentle formulas are less likely to trigger allergic reactions or irritate sensitive skin.
  • Helps alleviate symptoms for those with chemical sensitivities or respiratory conditions like asthma.
  • Creates a healthier indoor environment by minimizing exposure to potential allergens and irritants.

Can natural cleaners really disinfect?

Yes! Natural disinfectants work by disrupting microbial cells in various ways like altering cell membranes and interfering with cellular processes. This multi-pronged approach makes microbial resistance tougher to develop.

Here are some of the best all-natural antimicrobial ingredients:

  • Essential oils (tea tree, lavender, thyme)
  • Plant extracts (oregano, grapefruit seed)
  • Vinegar
  • Hydrogen peroxide
  • Baking soda

Many natural cleaners penetrate stubborn biofilms, reaching and disrupting the microbes within. They remove grime that harbors microbes while leaving minimal harmful residue behind.

How do conventional cleaners impact the environment?

Conventional cleaning products harm the environment through pollution, resource depletion, and waste generation. 

Toxic chemicals like formaldehyde, 1,4 dioxane, and phosphates contaminate waterways, harm wildlife, and contribute to climate change. The manufacturing process also relies heavily on fossil fuels, and plastic packaging adds to the waste crisis.

Long-lasting chemicals persist in the environment, posing long-term risks. Switching to eco-friendly alternatives minimizes environmental impact by using biodegradable ingredients, reducing waste, and promoting sustainable practices.

Tips For Transitioning To A Non-Toxic Cleaning Routine

  • Start Slow: Don’t try to overhaul your entire cleaning routine overnight. Begin by replacing one or two products at a time. This allows you to gradually become accustomed to the new products and assess their effectiveness.
  • Focus on High-Use Areas: Prioritize replacing products used frequently, such as all-purpose cleaners, dish soap, and hand soap.
  • DIY First: Experiment with simple DIY recipes using readily available ingredients like vinegar, baking soda, and essential oils. This can be a cost-effective and rewarding way to start.
  • Read Labels Carefully: Look for products with clear and concise ingredient lists. Avoid those containing harsh chemicals like phosphates, chlorine bleach, ammonia, and phthalates.
  • Research & Compare: Research different brands and read reviews from other consumers to find products that meet your needs and preferences.

Storage and Safety Tips

  • Proper Storage: Store natural cleaning products in a cool, dry place away from direct sunlight.
  • Keep Out of Reach of Children and Pets: Many natural cleaning products are safe, but some essential oils can be toxic if ingested. Always keep them out of reach of children and pets.
  • Dilute Concentrates Properly: Always follow the manufacturer’s instructions when diluting concentrated cleaning solutions.

This has been your guide to the best non-toxic cleaning product swaps for every room in your home. 

Making the switch to non-toxic cleaning products might just be one of the easiest and most impactful things you can do to improve your health and enhance your life, especially considering all the challenges we face each day. 

These natural, plant-powered alternatives not only work just as well as conventional products, but they can also make your cleaning routine more enjoyable.

Say goodbye to dizzying fumes and irritated skin, and hello to a fresher, healthier home. Plus, you’ll have peace of mind knowing that your little ones and pets are safe as they explore and play on freshly cleaned surfaces. No more worrying about harmful residues or toxic chemicals that could endanger their well-being.

If you find the transition to non-toxic cleaning a bit overwhelming at times, remember that you’re not alone. You’re part of a growing community of conscious consumers right here who refuse to compromise their health for a temporary shine. 

We’re here to support you every step of the way! If you have any questions, concerns, or frustrations as you make the switch, let us know in the comments. Together, we can create a cleaner, healthier, and more sustainable future, one household at a time.

Check out our other amazing Non-Toxic Cleaning Products articles:

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References

  1. Aurelia, M., et al. (2016). The Health Effects of Common Household Cleaning Products. PMC, 5067414. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5067414/ 
  2. Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. (2024). Public Health Statement for 1,4-Dioxane. Retrieved from https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/PHS/PHS.aspx?phsid=953&toxid=199 
  3. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2024). Medical Management Guidelines for Hydrochloric Acid. Retrieved from https://wwwn.cdc.gov/TSP/MMG/MMGDetails.aspx?mmgid=758&toxid=147 
  4. Johnson, K. A., & Thompson, R. B. (2024). Quaternary Ammonium Compounds Toxicity. In StatPearls. Retrieved from https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK594254/#:~:text=Quaternary%20ammonium%20compounds%20(QACs)%20are,collaborative%20care%20for%20affected%20individuals 
  5. Zhang, Y., et al. (2021). Health Effects of Phthalates: A Review. PMC, 8157593. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8157593/#:~:text=Phthalates%20are%20a%20series%20of,of%20the%20public%20to%20phthalates 
  6. Velázquez, S., et al. (2014). Natural Antimicrobial Solutions for Household Cleaning. PMC, 4096065. Retrieved from https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC4096065/ 
  7. Liu, X., et al. (2023). Environmental Impact of Household Cleaning Products: A Systematic Review. Science Direct. Retrieved from https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0045653523018374

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